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The web backend, also known as the server-side, refers to the components of a web application that operate behind the scenes, unseen by the user. It is the foundation that enables the functionality and data management of a website or web application. Server-Side Logic: This encompasses the programming that handles business rules, processes data, manages user requests, and orchestrates interactions between different parts of the application. Database Management: The backend interacts with databases (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB) to store, retrieve, and update information. This includes managing user accounts, product details, content, and other data essential for the application's operation. API Development: Backend development often involves creating and managing Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). These APIs define how different software components or external services can communicate with the backend, allowing for data exchange and integration. Security: Ensuring the security of data and user interactions is a crucial backend responsibility. This involves implementing authentication (verifying user identity), authorization (controlling access to resources), encryption, and protection against various cyber threats.